![]() Jack Weatherford in Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (2014) points out that the Mongol Khan always offered cities the option of surrender before ordering their complete destruction. However, their true talent lay in psychological warfare. Their meritocratic, well-drilled and highly mobile cavalry armies crushed larger forces from China to Hungary and India. The shockingly rapid progress of Turkic and then Mongol hordes through the world from roughly the 10th century begs the question of why they were so successful in the first place. ![]() His policies also played an important and decisive role in India’s economic and political history, especially so in the south. The most long-reaching effects of Khilji’s career were not merely military or territorial, though those were important. However, this debate has distracted us from a comprehensive assessment of Khilji’s policies and achievements by focusing on one set of conflicts in North India.
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